How to Learn Front Handspring on Vault

How to Do a Front Handspring Vault | Step-by-Step Gymnastics Guide
Vault Skill Guide

Front Handspring Vault

A front handspring vault combines speed, a powerful springboard takeoff, straight-arm support on the vault table, and a quick block through the shoulders. The goal is not to simply flip over the table—it is to create enough lift to rise away from it with a controlled body position.

Fast Approach Strong Hurdle Tight Body Straight Arms Powerful Block
01

The Main Goal

Turn forward running speed into upward lift. A strong front handspring vault should look quick through the table and controlled after the block.

Run build speed
Block create lift
Land stay controlled
Before You Start

Build the pieces before putting the whole vault together.

Front handspring vaults happen quickly, so gymnasts should already be comfortable with several basic shapes and vaulting actions before attempting the complete skill.

Helpful Skills to Have First

A consistent gymnastics run and hurdle onto the springboard.
A strong handstand with straight arms and open shoulders.
Comfort performing a handstand flatback onto a safe raised mat.
The ability to keep the legs together and body tight while inverted.

Practice This Skill Safely

A front handspring vault should be learned in a properly equipped gymnastics facility with a qualified coach. Vaulting involves speed, height, inversion, and force through the hands and shoulders.

Do not attempt the complete vault on furniture, homemade equipment, or without appropriate landing mats and coaching.

The Vault Sequence

Six phases. One continuous movement.

Instead of thinking only about “flipping over the vault,” break the skill into these six connected phases.

1 Run
2 Hurdle
3 Board
4 Hands
5 Block
6 Landing
Step-by-Step

How to do a front handspring vault

Focus on connecting each phase smoothly rather than stopping or changing body position between them.

Step 1

Build Speed With a Controlled Run

Begin far enough down the runway to reach a comfortable sprint before the springboard. Accelerate gradually instead of exploding into your fastest speed on the first step.

Keep your chest tall, eyes forward, and arms moving naturally with your run. The final few steps should feel quick and confident without making you lose control of your hurdle.

Think: Fast, tall, and controlled.
Main Focus Speed should help the vault—not overwhelm your technique.

A powerful vault begins with momentum, but consistent steps are more important than simply running as fast as possible.

Step 2

Hurdle Into the Springboard

Transition from the run into your hurdle without slowing down. Bring the feet together so they contact the springboard nearly at the same time.

Your arms should prepare to swing upward as you reach the board. Avoid taking a huge final step or jumping high before reaching it.

Think: Run through the hurdle—not up before it.
Main Focus Carry your forward momentum onto the springboard.

A smooth hurdle helps the board redirect your running speed into the first flight phase.

Step 3

Rebound Quickly Off the Board

Hit the springboard with both feet and allow the board to rebound you forward and upward. Keep the legs together and avoid bending deeply at the knees.

Swing the arms toward the vault while keeping the body long. The movement should feel quick—your feet should not stay on the board.

Think: Punch the board and reach long.
Main Focus A short, powerful board contact.

Sitting into the board or bending too much can absorb the energy you need for the vault.

Step 4

Reach for the Vault With Straight Arms

As your body moves toward inversion, reach both hands onto the vault table. Keep the elbows straight and push tall through the shoulders.

Your body should stay extended rather than folding sharply at the hips. Bring the legs together and squeeze through the core, glutes, and legs.

Think: Long body + straight arms.
Main Focus Arrive at the table ready to push.

Bent arms make it much harder to create a fast and powerful block.

Step 5

Block Strongly Through the Shoulders

As soon as the hands contact the vault, push aggressively through straight arms and elevated shoulders. Your goal is to leave the table quickly rather than allowing the shoulders to collapse toward it.

Keep tension throughout the body as your hands release. A good block creates space between you and the vault and sends the body upward during the second flight.

Think: Touch, push, leave.
Main Focus The block should come from the shoulders—not bent elbows.

Strong straight-arm support helps transfer force through the table efficiently.

Step 6

Finish the Rotation and Prepare to Land

After leaving the vault table, maintain control of your body as the rotation finishes. Keep the legs together and look for the landing area as you approach upright.

Land with both feet at approximately the same time. Allow the knees and hips to bend slightly to absorb the landing while keeping the chest lifted.

Think: See the floor, absorb, control.
Main Focus Finish the vault before thinking about sticking it.

Height and controlled rotation make a stable landing much easier.

Technique Breakdown

What does “block” actually mean?

The block is one of the most important differences between simply getting over the vault and performing a powerful front handspring vault.

PUSH

The table should feel like something you rebound away from.

Your hands contact the table briefly while the shoulders actively push upward through straight arms.

A Better Block Comes From Three Things

You do not need to bend your arms and then straighten them to create power. Instead, maintain straight elbows and create action through the shoulders.

1
Straight elbows

Do not intentionally bend into the table before pushing.

2
Open shoulders

Reach tall through the arms instead of collapsing downward.

3
Fast hand contact

Contact the table and rebound away instead of resting weight on it.

Common Mistakes

What can make a front handspring vault feel heavy?

When the vault does not have enough height or feels difficult to rotate, one of these areas may be taking away your power.

Slowing Down Before the Board

Reaching, stuttering, or shortening your steps dramatically can reduce the momentum you worked to build during the run.

Fix it: Practice consistent run-and-hurdle repetitions with your coach.

Sitting Into the Springboard

Excessive knee bend can absorb power instead of creating a quick rebound from the board.

Fix it: Aim for quick feet and a firm, elastic board contact.

Bending the Arms on the Table

Soft elbows often make the vault feel low and force the gymnast to muscle through the support phase.

Fix it: Strengthen straight-arm blocking drills before adding more speed.

Piking at the Hips

Folding the body too early can interrupt the transfer of power through the shoulders and change the vault's rotation.

Fix it: Practice maintaining a tight, extended body through hand contact.

Leaving the Table Too Low

If the shoulders collapse or the block happens late, the second flight can travel forward without enough upward rise.

Fix it: Work on fast shoulder-block drills with appropriate matting.

Opening Early for the Landing

Reaching for the floor before the rotation is complete can make the landing low or unstable.

Fix it: Stay tight through the flight and prepare to land at the correct time.
Skill-Building Drills

Train the vault in smaller pieces.

Coaches commonly break front handspring vault development into drills so gymnasts can improve one part of the skill without repeatedly performing the complete vault.

01

Run + Hurdle Repetitions

Practice reaching the board with the same rhythm and takeoff position each time.

02

Board Punch Drills

Develop quick springboard contact while keeping the legs together and body tall.

03

Handstand Flatback

Practice reaching a strong inverted position with straight arms before progressing to more advanced vaulting.

04

Straight-Arm Block Drills

Use coach-approved progressions to learn how to push quickly through the shoulders without bending the elbows.

Remember the Rhythm

A strong vault is a chain reaction.

The run creates speed, the hurdle organizes the takeoff, the springboard redirects your momentum, the hands connect you to the table, and the block creates the lift you need for a controlled second flight and landing.

Run Hurdle Punch Reach Block Land